Modulink Inc. (MDLK)
Every figure this model derived for MDLK, the value it took, and the element in the company's own XBRL it was read from — so any of it can be checked against the filing rather than taken on trust. As at 2026-06-30.
The figures, and where each came from
This is the part no other screener shows. Each figure below names the XBRL element it was read from, so it can be checked against the filing itself.
| Figure | Value | XBRL tag | As at |
|---|---|---|---|
| capex | 36,788 | PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment |
2025-12-31 |
| cash | 113,845 | CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents |
2026-06-30 |
| current assets | 862,772 | AssetsCurrent |
2026-06-30 |
| current liabilities | 775,735 | LiabilitiesCurrent |
2026-06-30 |
| equity | 140,098 | StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest |
2026-06-30 |
| interest expense | 10,544 | InterestExpenseNonoperating |
2026-06-30 |
| ocf | -552,347 | NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities |
2026-06-30 |
| revenue | 1,038,360 | Revenues |
2026-06-30 |
The ratios
The figures themselves rather than their scores — what somebody looking up MDLK on one particular measure came for.
| Ratio | Value |
|---|---|
| cash operating margin | -98.3 |
| current ratio | 1.24 |
| current ratio reported | 1.11 |
| deferred revenue growth | -50.0 |
| dilution pct | 1.82 |
| ev owner earnings | -2.74 |
| ev sales | 1.55 |
| fcf margin | -56.74 |
| growth cv | 0.89 |
| interest cover | -99.14 |
| operating margin | -100.67 |
| owner earnings margin | -56.74 |
| revenue growth | -2.3 |
| revenue growth per share | -4.05 |
| roic | -504.0 |
| rule of 40 | -102.97 |
| sbc pct revenue | 0.0 |
Everything else this filing tags
218 more elements from MDLK's own XBRL that this model has no measure for, newest reading each, largest first. Nothing here is converted, added up or renamed — it is the filing's own element names and the filing's own numbers.
| Element | Newest | As of | Periods | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding | 8,043,110,716 | 2026-06-30 | 16 | shares |
CapitalUnitsAuthorized | 6,010,000,000 | 2025-10-20 | 9 | shares |
CommonStockSharesAuthorized | 6,000,000,000 | 2026-06-30 | 33 | shares |
CommonStockSharesIssued | 3,969,933,920 | 2026-06-30 | 29 | shares |
CommonStockSharesOutstanding | 3,969,933,920 | 2026-06-30 | 29 | shares |
WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic | 3,969,933,920 | 2026-06-30 | 16 | shares |
StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesAcquisitions | 2,030,066,080 | 2025-10-14 | 1 | shares |
WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted | 12,470,338 | 2016-12-31 | 20 | shares |
PreferredStockSharesAuthorized | 10,000,000 | 2025-10-20 | 9 | shares |
SharesIssued | 7,586,000 | 2014-05-27 | 4 | shares |
RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit | -4,415,377 | 2026-06-30 | 24 | USD |
CommonStockValue | 3,969,934 | 2026-06-30 | 24 | USD |
OperatingLossCarryforwards | 1,654,630 | 2025-12-31 | 6 | USD |
AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther | 1,069,230 | 2025-12-31 | 10 | USD |
Assets | 915,833 | 2026-06-30 | 24 | USD |
LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity | 915,833 | 2026-06-30 | 24 | USD |
Liabilities | 775,735 | 2026-06-30 | 15 | USD |
InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure | 581,975 | 2016-12-31 | 4 | USD |
ProceedsFromNotesPayable | 504,126 | 2016-12-31 | 4 | USD |
AdditionalPaidInCapital | 490,400 | 2026-06-30 | 18 | USD |
AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock | 422,766 | 2016-12-31 | 6 | USD |
CostOfRevenue | 401,339 | 2026-06-30 | 16 | USD |
StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesIssuedForServices | 400,000 | 2017-05-31 | 2 | shares |
GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense | 388,201 | 2026-06-30 | 36 | USD |
OperatingExpenses | 388,201 | 2026-06-30 | 36 | USD |
LongTermDebtMaturitiesRepaymentsOfPrincipalAfterYearFive | 372,217 | 2016-12-31 | 2 | USD |
LongTermDebtCurrent | 364,947 | 2016-12-31 | 4 | USD |
NotesAndLoansPayable | 364,947 | 2016-12-31 | 4 | USD |
LongTermDebtAndCapitalLeaseObligationsMaturitiesRepaymentsOfPrincipalInYearThree | 353,975 | 2016-12-31 | 2 | USD |
ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity | 300,000 | 2026-06-30 | 14 | USD |
StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues | 300,000 | 2026-06-30 | 2 | USD |
NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities | 296,423 | 2026-06-30 | 21 | USD |
ProfitLoss | -295,526 | 2026-06-30 | 6 | USD |
NetIncomeLoss | -280,612 | 2026-06-30 | 44 | USD |
ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax | -280,612 | 2026-06-30 | 16 | USD |
IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest | -280,612 | 2026-06-30 | 16 | USD |
NetIncomeLossAvailableToCommonStockholdersBasic | -280,612 | 2026-06-30 | 4 | USD |
DevelopmentStageEnterpriseDeficitAccumulatedDuringDevelopmentStage | 280,241 | 2015-09-30 | 2 | USD |
OperatingIncomeLoss | -277,746 | 2026-06-30 | 24 | USD |
PaymentsToAcquireLandHeldForUse | 274,560 | 2016-12-31 | 4 | USD |
DeferredTaxAssetsGross | 273,015 | 2025-12-31 | 6 | USD |
DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance | 273,015 | 2025-12-31 | 7 | USD |
DeferredOtherTaxExpenseBenefit | 273,015 | 2025-12-31 | 2 | USD |
StockholdersEquity | -258,806 | 2026-03-31 | 37 | USD |
AccountsPayableCurrentAndNoncurrent | 233,155 | 2025-09-30 | 4 | USD |
IncomeTaxReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance | 206,222 | 2025-12-31 | 6 | USD |
AccountsReceivableNetCurrent | 186,660 | 2026-06-30 | 17 | USD |
AccountsReceivableGross | 186,660 | 2026-06-30 | 10 | USD |
StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueAcquisitions | 170,651 | 2026-06-30 | 1 | USD |
IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable | 162,837 | 2026-06-30 | 12 | USD |
AccountsAndOtherReceivablesNetCurrent | 160,531 | 2026-06-30 | 11 | USD |
PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssets | 152,970 | 2026-06-30 | 14 | USD |
PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent | 152,970 | 2026-06-30 | 10 | USD |
PaymentsToAcquireBuildings | 148,500 | 2016-12-31 | 4 | USD |
DebtInstrumentFaceAmount | 140,000 | 2026-06-30 | 7 | USD |
NotesPayableCurrent | 137,595 | 2026-06-30 | 10 | USD |
ConvertibleDebt | 131,910 | 2016-12-31 | 2 | USD |
NotesPayableRelatedPartiesClassifiedCurrent | 131,909 | 2016-12-31 | 4 | USD |
IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic | -122,330 | 2016-12-31 | 12 | USD |
PaymentsForProceedsFromOtherInvestingActivities | -120,058 | 2016-09-30 | 2 | USD |
PrepaidExpenseCurrent | 118,055 | 2026-06-30 | 10 | USD |
Cash | 113,845 | 2026-06-30 | 23 | USD |
Land | 113,258 | 2016-06-30 | 9 | USD |
GrossProfit | 110,455 | 2026-06-30 | 36 | USD |
IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability | -109,555 | 2026-06-30 | 10 | USD |
AcquisitionCosts | 108,258 | 2016-12-31 | 6 | USD |
LandSales | -108,258 | 2016-12-31 | 6 | USD |
IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments | -102,988 | 2015-09-30 | 4 | USD |
DueFromRelatedParties | 100,000 | 2016-10-27 | 3 | USD |
PaymentsToAcquireLand | 99,000 | 2016-12-31 | 5 | USD |
MinorityInterest | 94,565 | 2026-06-30 | 2 | USD |
ContractWithCustomerLiability | 77,545 | 2026-06-30 | 10 | USD |
ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent | 77,545 | 2026-06-30 | 10 | USD |
NetCashProvidedByUsedInContinuingOperations | -76,522 | 2016-12-31 | 14 | USD |
LandAndLandImprovements | 75,000 | 2016-12-31 | 12 | USD |
GainLossOnSaleOfProperty | -70,611 | 2016-12-31 | 4 | USD |
EscrowDepositsRelatedToPropertySales | 60,000 | 2016-12-31 | 6 | USD |
IncreaseDecreaseInDueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent | -58,219 | 2026-06-30 | 10 | USD |
SalesRevenueNet | 58,124 | 2016-12-31 | 16 | USD |
DeferredCreditsAndOtherLiabilitiesCurrent | 55,500 | 2026-06-30 | 10 | USD |
OtherAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities | 54,487 | 2026-06-30 | 10 | USD |
AdvertisingExpense | 53,978 | 2015-12-31 | 2 | USD |
AssetsNoncurrent | 53,061 | 2026-06-30 | 24 | USD |
DerivativeLiabilitiesCurrent | 49,554 | 2016-12-31 | 4 | USD |
IncreaseDecreaseInDerivativeLiabilities | 49,554 | 2016-12-31 | 4 | USD |
IncreaseDecreaseInDueToOtherRelatedPartiesCurrent | 45,535 | 2026-06-30 | 10 | USD |
CustomerRefundableFeesProceeds | 45,500 | 2016-10-31 | 3 | USD |
IncreaseDecreaseInIncomeTaxesReceivable | -45,500 | 2016-09-30 | 1 | USD |
AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment | 44,693 | 2026-06-30 | 15 | USD |
AccountsPayableCurrent | 41,597 | 2026-06-30 | 23 | USD |
AccountsPayableOtherCurrent | 41,597 | 2026-06-30 | 10 | USD |
StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueIssuedForServices | 40,000 | 2017-05-31 | 9 | USD |
ProceedsFromContributedCapital | 39,000 | 2015-12-31 | 7 | USD |
StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueIssuedForCash | 39,000 | 2015-12-31 | 2 | USD |
CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseExcludingExchangeRateEffect | -38,941 | 2026-06-30 | 10 | USD |
CapitalizedComputerSoftwareGross | 37,500 | 2016-09-30 | 10 | USD |
SalesRevenueServicesGross | 37,324 | 2016-06-30 | 4 | USD |
ProfessionalFees | 35,720 | 2016-12-31 | 20 | USD |
PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet | 34,981 | 2026-06-30 | 14 | USD |
OtherReceivablesNetCurrent | 34,915 | 2026-06-30 | 2 | USD |
PaymentsToDevelopSoftware | -33,500 | 2015-12-31 | 7 | USD |
AssetImpairmentCharges | 30,863 | 2016-12-31 | 4 | USD |
IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets | -30,668 | 2026-06-30 | 10 | USD |
OccupancyRevenue | 30,000 | 2015-06-30 | 2 | USD |
IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments | -29,587 | 2026-06-30 | 4 | USD |
PaymentsForTenantImprovements | 29,135 | 2016-12-31 | 4 | USD |
BusinessCombinationBargainPurchaseGainRecognizedAmount | 28,477 | 2026-06-30 | 4 | USD |
IncreaseDecreaseInOtherAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities | -28,392 | 2026-06-30 | 10 | USD |
PaymentsToAcquireOtherPropertyPlantAndEquipment | 27,334 | 2016-12-31 | 4 | USD |
NonoperatingIncomeExpense | 26,721 | 2026-06-30 | 16 | USD |
OperatingLeaseExpense | 23,119 | 2026-06-30 | 12 | USD |
ProceedsFromPreviousAcquisition | 22,886 | 2026-06-30 | 2 | USD |
NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities | 21,121 | 2026-06-30 | 23 | USD |
DepositsAssetsCurrent | 19,500 | 2016-09-30 | 1 | USD |
IncreaseDecreaseDueFromOtherRelatedParties | 18,580 | 2026-06-30 | 10 | USD |
FederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitContinuingOperations | 18,349 | 2016-12-31 | 4 | USD |
DepositsAssetsNoncurrent | 18,077 | 2026-06-30 | 6 | USD |
PaymentsToAcquireOtherProductiveAssets | 18,077 | 2025-12-31 | 2 | USD |
RecognitionOfDeferredRevenue | -17,500 | 2015-09-30 | 2 | USD |
PaymentsForRent | 17,121 | 2025-06-30 | 4 | USD |
NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest | -14,914 | 2026-06-30 | 4 | USD |
DepreciationAndAmortization | 12,540 | 2026-06-30 | 16 | USD |
FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization | 12,199 | 2016-09-30 | 8 | USD |
LandImprovements | 11,800 | 2016-07-22 | 1 | USD |
PaymentsToDevelopRealEstateAssets | 11,800 | 2016-12-31 | 7 | USD |
LongTermDebtAndCapitalLeaseObligationsMaturitiesRepaymentsOfPrincipalInYearTwo | 10,972 | 2016-12-31 | 2 | USD |
EarnestMoneyDeposits | 10,000 | 2016-07-25 | 6 | USD |
LeaseAndRentalExpense | 9,299 | 2016-12-31 | 20 | USD |
InterestExpense | 8,553 | 2016-12-31 | 4 | USD |
LongTermDebtAndCapitalLeaseObligationsRepaymentsOfPrincipalInNextTwelveMonths | 7,270 | 2016-12-31 | 2 | USD |
NotesPayableRelatedPartiesNoncurrent | 7,270 | 2016-12-31 | 4 | USD |
PreconfirmationAccumulatedDepreciationAndAmortization | -6,637 | 2015-12-31 | 2 | USD |
SalariesAndWages | 6,570 | 2016-12-31 | 20 | USD |
GainLossOnSaleOfAccountsReceivable | 6,500 | 2015-12-31 | 3 | USD |
CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease | -5,683 | 2016-12-31 | 14 | USD |
IncreaseDecreaseInNotesPayableCurrent | 5,335 | 2026-06-30 | 10 | USD |
IncomeTaxReconciliationOtherAdjustments | 5,091 | 2025-12-31 | 2 | USD |
InsuranceCommissions | 5,000 | 2014-12-31 | 1 | USD |
TechnologyServicesCosts | 5,000 | 2016-12-31 | 19 | USD |
MarketingAndAdvertisingExpense | 4,990 | 2016-12-31 | 20 | USD |
FurnitureAndFixturesGross | 4,900 | 2016-09-30 | 1 | USD |
MachineryAndEquipmentGross | 4,900 | 2016-06-30 | 2 | USD |
PaymentsToAcquireEquipmentOnLease | 4,900 | 2016-12-31 | 4 | USD |
PaymentsToAcquireMachineryAndEquipment | 4,900 | 2016-09-30 | 2 | USD |
IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableRelatedParties | -4,800 | 2015-12-31 | 4 | USD |
CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAccumulatedAmortization | -4,533 | 2015-09-30 | 1 | USD |
IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseDepreciation | -4,473 | 2025-12-31 | 2 | USD |
IncomeLossFromContinuingOperations | 3,787 | 2016-06-30 | 12 | USD |
InvestmentIncomeInterest | 3,578 | 2026-06-30 | 16 | USD |
CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue | 3,313 | 2016-12-31 | 19 | USD |
AccountsPayableRelatedPartiesCurrent | 3,200 | 2016-06-30 | 2 | USD |
IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable | -3,200 | 2016-12-31 | 8 | USD |
IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseOther | 2,771 | 2025-12-31 | 2 | USD |
RentalIncomeNonoperating | 2,410 | 2016-12-31 | 4 | USD |
OtherExpenses | 2,370 | 2016-09-30 | 2 | USD |
DerivativeGainLossOnDerivativeNet | 2,090 | 2016-12-31 | 4 | USD |
IncreaseDecreaseInOtherAccountsPayable | -2,059 | 2026-06-30 | 8 | USD |
DepositsAssets | 2,000 | 2016-12-31 | 2 | USD |
IncreaseDecreaseInDeposits | -2,000 | 2016-12-31 | 5 | USD |
OtherAssetsNoncurrent | 2,000 | 2016-12-31 | 14 | USD |
PublicUtilitiesPropertyPlantAndEquipmentAmountOfAcquisitionAdjustments1 | 2,000 | 2016-12-31 | 4 | USD |
Depreciation | 1,842 | 2016-12-31 | 18 | USD |
PrepaidRent | 1,531 | 2016-08-30 | 2 | USD |
IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidExpense | -1,530 | 2016-06-30 | 3 | USD |
AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationReclassificationsFromPropertyPlantAndEquipment1 | 1,454 | 2016-12-31 | 6 | USD |
PostconfirmationAccumulatedDepreciationAndAmortization | -1,454 | 2016-12-31 | 4 | USD |
AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipmentExcludingCapitalLeasedAssets | 1,167 | 2016-07-22 | 9 | USD |
TravelAndEntertainmentExpense | 1,060 | 2016-12-31 | 19 | USD |
LegalFees | 555 | 2016-12-31 | 19 | USD |
AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationReclassificationsOfPropertyPlantAndEquipment | 458 | 2016-06-30 | 4 | USD |
EscrowDeposit | 454 | 2017-01-24 | 5 | USD |
PreferredStockValue | 210 | 2026-06-30 | 10 | USD |
OtherIncome | 182 | 2025-12-31 | 2 | USD |
IncomeTaxReconciliationTaxExemptIncome | -41 | 2025-12-31 | 2 | USD |
CashCashEquivalentsAndShortTermInvestments | 9 | 2015-12-31 | 2 | USD |
InvestmentsInAffiliatesSubsidiariesAssociatesAndJointVentures | 3 | 2026-06-30 | 10 | USD |
InvestmentOwnedAtCost | 3 | 2026-06-30 | 6 | USD |
NumberOfOperatingSegments | 1 | 2026-06-30 | 3 | Integer |
NumberOfReportableSegments | 1 | 2026-06-30 | 3 | Integer |
EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate | 0 | 2025-09-30 | 2 | pure |
EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance | -0 | 2025-12-31 | 2 | pure |
SharesIssuedPricePerShare | 0 | 2015-03-06 | 7 | USD/shares |
DebtInstrumentInterestRateEffectivePercentage | 0 | 2016-10-18 | 1 | pure |
DebtInstrumentInterestRateDuringPeriod | 0 | 2026-06-30 | 5 | pure |
RelatedPartyTransactionRate | 0 | 2026-03-31 | 13 | pure |
EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationOtherAdjustments | -0 | 2025-12-31 | 2 | pure |
EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseDepreciation | 0 | 2025-12-31 | 2 | pure |
EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseOther | -0 | 2025-12-31 | 2 | pure |
CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare | 0 | 2026-06-30 | 33 | USD/shares |
PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare | 0 | 2025-10-20 | 8 | USD/shares |
EarningsPerShareBasic | -0 | 2026-06-30 | 16 | USD/shares |
EarningsPerShareDiluted | -0 | 2026-06-30 | 16 | USD/shares |
AccruedSalariesCurrent | 0 | 2016-03-31 | 6 | USD |
AdjustmentForAmortization | 0 | 2016-12-31 | 15 | USD |
AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable | 0 | 2026-06-30 | 16 | USD |
CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold | 0 | 2016-06-30 | 2 | USD |
CostOfGoodsSold | 0 | 2016-06-30 | 14 | USD |
DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet | 0 | 2016-12-31 | 4 | USD |
DeferredRevenueAdditions | 0 | 2016-12-31 | 2 | USD |
EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted | 0 | 2016-06-30 | 8 | USD/shares |
IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsPerDilutedShare | 0 | 2016-12-31 | 14 | USD/shares |
IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit | 0 | 2026-06-30 | 20 | USD |
IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue | 0 | 2016-12-31 | 2 | USD |
LongTermDebtAndCapitalLeaseObligationsMaturitiesRepaymentsOfPrincipalInYearFour | 0 | 2016-12-31 | 2 | USD |
ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense | 0 | 2016-12-31 | 16 | USD |
CapitalizedContractCostGross | 0 | 2025-12-31 | 6 | USD |
CapitalizedContractCostNet | 0 | 2025-12-31 | 6 | USD |
IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerAsset | 0 | 2026-03-31 | 8 | USD |
IncreaseDecreaseInOtherReceivables | 0 | 2026-03-31 | 8 | USD |
OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent | 0 | 2026-06-30 | 16 | USD |
ProvisionForOtherCreditLosses | 0 | 2026-06-30 | 10 | USD |
PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments | 0 | 2025-12-31 | 4 | USD |
AccountsAndFinancingReceivableAllowanceForCreditLoss | 0 | 2025-12-31 | 2 | USD |
ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized | 0 | 2025-12-31 | 2 | USD |
DeferredTaxAssetsNet | 0 | 2025-12-31 | 2 | USD |
EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations | 0 | 2025-12-31 | 2 | pure |
EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxExemptIncome | 0 | 2025-12-31 | 2 | pure |
ImpairmentOfLongLivedAssetsHeldForUse | 0 | 2025-12-31 | 2 | USD |
What to be careful about
What this model itself distrusts about MDLK's figures. Written by the derivation as it ran, not added afterwards.
- no current stock compensation tagged; treated as zero, so owner earnings are overstated
- there is no operating profit to value; valuation rests on EV/revenue (1.6x) instead
- analyst estimate not used: trailing EPS is not positive, so a growth rate would be meaningless
- durability rests on 3 of 4 inputs; not tagged: cash flow stability